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Protection of Invertebrates in Legal Regulation of European Union
Chlup, Petr ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
266 Protection of Invertebrates in the Legal Regulation of the European Union Abstract In recent years, studies on the population trends of insects and other invertebrates reported widespread declines most pronounced in intensely developed regions, such as Europe. The likely causes include various activities of the industrial society, including agriculture, urbanisation, forestry, and commercial fishing. Most of these activities are governed by, inter alia, legislation on the EU level. This thesis argues that even though there are no completely white spaces in the EU law and relevant legislation addresses most of the important areas of invertebrate conservation, the current legislation is not comprehensive and inclusive enough. The arguments for this conclusion are derived from the analysis of the current EU legislation in the face of the biological context of invertebrates. In Part I, the contextual framework for the analysis is built up by outlining the presented problem of declining invertebrate populations. A short introduction to the taxonomy and ecology of invertebrates is followed by a summary of the environmental threats they currently face. The threats are matched to the corresponding EU legislation, thereby laying out the structure of Part II. The second part includes chapters on the relevant...
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Human trafficking: the role of the EU and the approaches to the problem in Czech Republic and in Belgium
Haniaková, Tereza ; Bauer, Paul (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
This master thesis aims to unveil and examine the interplay between different actors in the fight against human trafficking. These are: the European Union, the Czech Republic and Belgium. A content (text) analysis of the primary sources gives the answers on how those actors work with the definition of human trafficking and to what extent the two member states implemented the EU Directive 2011/36/EU and other documents. In addition to conducting the content (text) analysis, creating a literature review and researching on different discourses linked to this phenomenon, this thesis include two semi-structured interviews with the representatives of the Czech Republic and Belgium. Those offer deeper insight into how those states form this fight in practice. They unveiled different aspects in their own approaches but also aspects that make their approach unique. This thesis examines also how the new strategy - the most important document framing the fight against human trafficking and the country's priorities - is adopted and what generally will those strategies include from the year 2020.
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An Effort to gain the first hegemony vs. the dissemination of the fragmentation of the power after the Cold War
Štaif, Vít ; Voráček, Emil (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
An Abstract The text focuses on the aim of the state politics to gain the position of the first global hegemony after the end of the Cold War. It observes, with the regard to the wide-ranging influence of the USA at that time, and to the important American visions about its character, especially their particular decisions. It tries to describe the way, which the other influential participants of the global politics, the states as well as those of other kind, used to express their reactions to this activity, and their relation to the USA, the strongest contender in the effort to acquire the first global hegemony. The power contest is here mainly introduced by the insight into the course of the conflicts, which they, after the end of the Cold War, faced and influenced. The text concentrates on those political and security challenges with, apart from the policies of the USA, the strong presence of the intervention of the international organizations, above all the UN, the NATO and the EU, or of the occassionally created alliances. The prospects of hegemonial possibilities is presented in the conclusion.
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Supporting the Social Economy of European Institutions in Context of EU Employment Policy
Dufková, Anna ; Dohnalová, Marie (advisor) ; Kotíková, Jaromíra (referee)
The theme of the social economy is currently very topical at EU level and therefore in its member states. The emphasisis is on supporting development of social economy, because creates new jobs and leads to economic growth. The thesis aim is to describe the forms of promotion the social economy by EU institutions and their bodies, which is provided in the context of EU employment policy in period 2010-2015. The thesis identifies both forms of support and also justificatin in documents of european institutions and the supprort of social economy in Czech Republic.
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EU Soft Power in the Eastern Partnership countries: The Case of Ukraine
Shagivaleeva, Akime ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
SHAGIVALEEVA, Akime. EU Soft Power in the Eastern Partnership countries: the Case of Ukraine. 89 p. Mater thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Studies. Supervisor prof. Mgr. Eliška Tomalová, Ph.D. Abstract The thesis studies the EU as a soft power actor, seeking to analyse the way it is favouring soft power tools in its foreign policy, establishing the relations with the neighbouring countries and guaranteeing security across its borders. The research is aiming to prove that the soft power is a relevant approach and an effective foreign policy tool for the EU to persuade Eastern Partnership countries for closer cooperation. The topic is relevant for the EU security, prosperity and its role as a global political actor. The thesis makes a contribution to the debate, providing with the characterization of the theoretical concept of 'soft' and 'hard' power, description of the use of soft power by the EU, its sources and limits and the argumentation for the effectiveness and relevance of 'soft power' approach having studied how soft power sources are being applied. The thesis represents a qualitative research structured to investigate primarily the theoretical framework and further apply it onto the policy on regional level (Eastern Partnership states) and then more...
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The Trade Effects of the EU-Turkey Customs Union: Based on Gravity Model.
Kong, Xiangyi ; Jeřábek, Petr (advisor) ; Chondrogiannis, Ilias (referee) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
In view of the postponement of negotiations for the modernization of the EU-Turkey customs union, this paper is aimed to look back and examine the ex-post impacts of the CU by examining its trade creation and diversion effects. The study tests effects of 44 countries (including Turkey, 28 EU and 15 non-EU countries) with aggregated data for time period from 1989 to 2019 and disaggregated sectoral trade data from 1995 to 2019. For estimation, the gravity model with strong theoretical and empirical foundation is used by combining various fixed effects with PPML method. The results from the aggregated analysis confirm the trade-promoting effects of the EU-Turkey customs union with mixed effects on both trade within the members (intra-trade creation effects) and trade with non- members (extra-trade creation effects). But the trade diversion is not significantly proved in the model. Besides, a substantial heterogeneity in the CU effect is found across different industries, suggesting the CU has significantly improved the trade on textiles, transportation, machinery, metals and plastics/rubbers, but negligibly influence agriculture, mineral and chemicals. Furthermore, the study also evidences that the impact of the CU is stronger in EU's export to Turkey than Turkey's export to the EU. Finally, CU's...
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Eurovision Song Contest and its watching by Czech audience in the context of their interest in the European Union
Miklíková, Martina ; Reifová, Irena (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the connection of interest in the international music competition Eurovision Song Contest and in the European Union. The theoretical part shows the current approaches to the study of the contest, which is watched annually by almost 200 million viewers worldwide. The work also provides space for a brief history of the contest, including a detailed description of how the Czech Republic participated there, what the country has done only at the time of membership in the European Union. The competition, based on a grouping of European states, is placed here in the context of the European Union, which together share the motivation for their historical establishment. The text therefore shows the history and development of the European Communities and the establishment of the European Union and its institutions. One of them is the European Parliament, whose representatives are directly elected by the citizens of the Member States. On the example of the elections to the European Parliament in 2019, the work penetrates the possible interest of events in the European Union and watching the Eurovision Song Contest, as both events - elections and contest evenings - took place at about the same time - in mid-May 2019. With the help of quantitative and qualitative methods, data from...
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How a Realist-Constructivist Theory Can Contribute to Understanding the 2014 Ukraine Crisis
Rigby, Sophia ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Wilson, Andrew (referee) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee)
How a Realist-Constructivist Theory Can Contribute to Understanding the 2014 Ukraine Crisis Abstract Realism has been the predominant paradigm for analysing Russian foreign policy in recent times, however, it can sometimes appear lacking in convincing power. Constructivism offers some explanation for the motivation behind policy, however, again appears lacking in convincing power alone. Realist-constructivsm has been suggested to bridge the gap, as it were, between traditional notions of power, and cultural influences. The main argument for realist-constructivism is that some of the basic principles of realism must have a constructivist base, for example, in order to define the 'us' and 'them' in international politics and to determine with whom one is competing for power and influence, there first must be an understanding of how one defines the 'us'. This analysis examines the realistconstructivist theory as put forward by Barkin (2004; 2010), analyses its advantages and disadvantages, and seeks to view the Ukraine crisis of 2014 through a realist-constructivist lens, hoping to contribute something to the still young and developing discussion around a realist- constructivist theory. Keywords Realist-constructivist theory; NATO; national identity; Ukraine; Crimea; the EU; 2014; annexation
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